Bupleurum, Radix (Chinese: chai hu) helps to smooth the flow of the Liver's energy. It clears the Liver, opens congestion, harmonizes, and reduces heat. Used whenever the Liver is constrained and its energy blocked. Recent research has shown that extracts of Bupleurum have antibacterial activity. Bupleurum can be added to Angelica Sinensis and Ligustici wallichii to harmonize the blood or mixed with Codonopsis and Atractylodes to fortify the Qi (energy). Use 3-12 grams.